The warm and blooming April is the best time to expose children to nature, but there are some issues during the spring outing that can affect children’s safety and health, and parents need to pay attention together. For this reason, parents need to understand the emergency response methods for accidental injuries.
1. For some simple accidental injuries, such as being cut by grass or other sharp objects, the nanny usually knows how to handle them, but for some special situations, you may need to explain them to the nanny in advance. If a child is accidentally stung by a bee, it can cause local redness, swelling, and severe pain, while in severe cases, it may cause hemolysis, bleeding, and central nervous system damage. Generally, healthy individuals are stung by 5 bees at the same time, resulting in local redness, swelling, and severe pain. After a few days, they return to normal. But if you suffer from more than 200 bee stings at the same time, you will die due to respiratory center paralysis. If the bee nest is accidentally touched and stung, the child should be immediately pulled out of the venomous stinger, then the wound should be rinsed with water, and immediately seek medical treatment.
2. If a child has sand in their eyes, do not rashly rub them with your hands. Carefully open the child’s eyelids and use a wet towel to slowly remove the sand; If the sand is on the eyeball, immediately rinse with water; If the sand has not yet come out after completing the above measures, immediately seek the nearest medical institution and ask a doctor for help.
3. Tracheal foreign body
During spring outings, children carry many snacks with them, such as candy, melon seeds, peanuts, beans, jelly, etc. When eating or playing, they often inhale foreign objects into their trachea due to sudden fright, falls, crying and laughing. The location of aspiration depends on the size, shape, and nature of the foreign object. Larger foreign objects pose the greatest risk and are prone to strangulation of the glottis, leading to suffocation and death.
If a child is coughing after swallowing a foreign object, do not disturb him. Because coughing is a self-protection mechanism that utilizes coordinated movements of abdominal and thoracic pressure to cough up foreign objects. If the child does not speak, cry, shout, cough, or even breathe, it means that a foreign object obstructs the respiratory tract and causes suffocation. The child can be lifted with their feet upside down and given first aid by forcefully patting their back. If foreign objects cannot be discharged in a timely manner, they should be immediately sent to the hospital.
If a child accidentally gets foreign objects into their trachea while eating, they should immediately call 120 for help and not blindly take a taxi to the hospital. Because the ambulance is equipped with specialized doctors and equipment, it can rescue the child in a timely manner. However, carrying the child to the hospital by oneself can easily cause foreign objects to further penetrate the trachea, leading to worsening of the problem. During the process of waiting for an ambulance, the nanny also has something to do, such as lifting the child upside down, stroking the back ridge from top to bottom, and never trying to extract foreign objects from the child’s mouth with her fingers.
4. Trauma, sprain, fracture
Children are naturally active and curious, making it difficult to avoid injuries, sprains, and even fractures during spring outings. For shallow and small wounds, iodine can be applied to the skin around the wound and wrapped with clean disinfectant gauze. If there is a lot of bleeding or if the wound is deep, use sterile bandages or clean clothes to compress the wound. Raise the injured limb so that the wound is above the heart. If the bleeding persists, it may cause damage to the larger artery. The artery supplying the bleeding area tissue can be compressed to stop the bleeding and immediately sent to the hospital for treatment.
After a sprain, the injured area can be raised, fixed, and covered with a cold and damp cloth. Cold compress can reduce swelling, while using a bandage to compress the sprain area not only protects and fixes the injured joint, but also helps reduce swelling. Be careful not to attempt to straighten deformed or bent limbs, nor to plug broken bones protruding from the wound back into the wound to prevent infection.
For injured individuals with limb fractures, local materials can be used to fix the limbs on both sides of the damaged area before transportation. When a child has spinal pain and is suspected of having a spinal fracture, it is strictly prohibited to let the child move. When transporting, it is necessary to use a wooden stretcher for transportation. If transported on a soft stretcher such as a rope, or carried on a back, it may damage the spinal cord nerves due to spinal activity, resulting in paraplegia.
5. Drowning
Most children like to play in the water, and the small fish, shrimp, and aquatic plants in the water are all attractive to them. They always want to catch and see. If parents are not on guard at this time, the child is easily drowning.
Drowners often die from suffocation. After rescuing the child ashore, it is necessary to quickly remove sludge, weeds, and secretions from their mouth and nose, keep their respiratory tract unobstructed, and pull out their tongue to prevent them from turning back and blocking their respiratory tract. The drowning person’s abdomen can be raised, and the chest and head can be lowered to “pour water”. If the drowning time is short and the amount of drowning is small, the situation will improve after treatment. If breathing and heartbeat stop, immediate on-site cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed and an ambulance should be contacted to urgently send the patient to a nearby hospital for treatment.
6. Pollen or plant allergies
Children with a history of asthma or allergic constitution may experience allergies when exposed to pollen or certain plants in the wild, such as urticaria, laryngeal edema, asthma attacks, etc., which can be life-threatening in severe cases. If your child has a history of such illnesses, you should prepare anti allergic drugs and inhaled bronchodilators. When allergic reactions occur, immediately stay away from the scene and inhale bronchodilators. If throat obstruction or breathing difficulties cannot be relieved, they should be sent to the hospital for treatment.
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