There are many causes of epistaxis, but only a few of them are related to serious diseases such as hematopathy. The common causes of epistaxis in children are as follows:
1. It is caused by bad habits or lack of self-protection ability, such as nose digging, foreign matters, falling, beating, bumping, etc. Bleeding from nose digging is particularly common. Especially when the weather is dry, the children feel uncomfortable in the nasal cavity, they will use their hands to dig the nostrils, and the capillary network in the front of the children’s nasal cavity is relatively rich. Trauma such as digging the nose can cause damage to the nasal mucosa, leading to epistaxis. Foreign bodies in the nasal cavity for a long time can also cause congestion, erosion and bleeding of the nasal mucosa.
2. After autumn and winter, the number of children with respiratory tract infection increased, which is one of the causes of epistaxis. Such as allergic rhinitis children prone to epistaxis. If the patient has a tendency of epistaxis, and has a recent nasal infection, it may cause uncontrollable bleeding.
3. Due to the influence of systemic factors, such as haemorrhagic diseases and blood diseases (such as thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, aplastic anemia, etc.), acute febrile infectious diseases (such as influenza, measles), etc. In recent years, it has also been found that nosebleed in children is related to the lack of trace elements such as copper, zinc and iron.
4. In some areas with poor living conditions, leeches may live in ponds, small ditches, paddy fields, puddles and other places. When drinking raw water containing leeches or swimming and washing face in water with leeches scale, leeches can then enter the nasal cavity through the anterior nostril or through the oral cavity and nasopharynx cavity and attach to the mucosal surface, and the oral gland contains an anticoagulant substance. Therefore, the bite wound It is not easy to stop bleeding.
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