1. Mastitis
Why
The most common problem for breast-feeding mothers is mastitis. Mastitis is mostly due to milk is not empty, nipple infection caused.
When the milk is not completely emptied and the milk tube is blocked by milk, local lumps usually appear, which is called milk retention. If the nipple is broken, causing the breast to be infected by bacteria, it is called infectious mastitis. The causes of milk retention and mastitis include:
1. Incorrect sucking posture of baby: milk cannot be completely sucked out.
2, the mother presses the breast with the finger when feeding: this will hinder the milk outflow instead.
3. The baby’s nipple is broken: it is often because the sucking posture is not correct. When the baby can’t suck milk, the baby will suck more and more vigorously, which will bite the mother’s nipple, and then cause bacterial infection, so that bacteria enter the breast tissue.
Symptoms
At the beginning, the milk will swell and have a fever. If the fever has subsided within 24 hours, there will be no big problem. If you have a fever that lasts for more than 24 hours, with local swelling and pain, you should seek medical advice.
Care
If the patient is red, swollen, hot, painful and has a fever, he should seek medical advice. Most doctors will prescribe antibiotics for treatment. During taking antibiotics, he can continue to breastfeed, which will not have a negative impact on the baby. If there is only local redness and swelling, the mother can warm compress the red and swollen parts before feeding, and rub the hard lumps together, and then ice compress after feeding. Even if the mother with mastitis can still breastfeed, and if the nipple infection, broken skin, it should be wiped with milk, or use the nipple ointment prescribed by the doctor. In order to prevent the baby from taking the ointment, choose to feed and then apply the medicine, or clean the nipple with water before feeding.
Prevention methods
There is no fundamental way to prevent mastitis. However, early breastfeeding can not only help the baby’s sucking ability and improve the probability of successful feeding, but also help to empty the milk and indirectly avoid the occurrence of mastitis. In addition, the mother can try to let the baby suck the nipple from all angles after feeding, and the milk is easier to empty.
2. Inflammation of endometrium
Progress of uterine recovery
After giving birth to the baby, the uterus will begin to contract, compressing the blood vessels to stop bleeding. In addition, the contraction force can also make blood clots, placenta and other residues discharged. Generally speaking, after the birth of the placenta, the uterus will automatically drop, about 2 fingers below the umbilicus, about 1 finger abdomen will drop every day from 2 to 10 days after delivery, and the uterus can not be touched after 10 days. Because the uterus has returned to the pelvic cavity, it will return to its normal position and original fist like size after 6 weeks. If in the puerperium, the uterus does not recover according to the due recovery progress, that is, the position does not decline and the uterus does not return to its original size, it may be due to poor uterine contraction or uterine tumor.
Causes of inflammation
If the water is broken too long or the internal diagnosis is frequent, it is easy to cause uterine cavity infection. In addition, if the residual placenta, fetal membrane tissue and blood clot remain in the uterus, it will not only cause postpartum hemorrhage, but also easily cause endometrial inflammation. In addition, if personal care hygiene is not careful, it may also lead to infection from the bottom up, causing uterine inflammation.
In postpartum back to the clinic, if there are uterine touch pressure, fever, purulent lochia and other inflammatory symptoms, should be treated with antibiotics. After ultrasonic examination, it is confirmed that the placenta and fetal membrane tissue are not discharged completely, so uterine contractile agent can be opened to promote uterine contraction to facilitate the discharge. If it is more serious, placenta forceps should be used to discharge the residual substances in uterine cavity. If endometrial inflammation is not treated in time, it is not only easy to cause endometrial damage, affect the probability of future pregnancy, more likely to cause serious septic infection, we have to be careful.
Prevention methods
If the mother breaks water for a long time, pay close attention to postpartum abdominal pain, fever, abnormal purulent and malodorous secretions, and determine whether the endometrium has inflammatory symptoms as soon as possible. In addition, in order to promote uterine contraction and exhaust the retained fetal membrane tissue as soon as possible, the mother should massage the uterus to promote uterine contraction, and do a good job of postpartum health care.
After going to the toilet, appropriate uterine massage
Mother can massage the uterus after going to the toilet every time, because sometimes the swollen bladder will hinder the contraction of the uterus. After going to the toilet, press one hand on the abdomen to do circular massage (i.e. circling) until the uterus becomes hard.
3. Lochia
Lochia removal progress
Lochia is a mixture of blood, white blood cells and mucus in the postpartum uterus. Generally speaking, the color of lochia is still bright red 1-3 days after delivery. In 4-10 days, the color will turn to dark red and brown. 11 days after delivery, there will be no blood clots and blood, lochia will be beige, lochia will disappear within 2 months.
Factors affecting lochia discharge
If not according to the above process recovery, it may be postpartum placental tissue removal incomplete, mostly because of uterine contraction is not good, so can not make lochia smoothly discharged. In addition, postpartum blood is not necessarily lochia, may also be due to prolactin. Because breast feeding can make the prolactin increase, make the endometrium more unstable, so there will be abnormal bleeding. Generally in postpartum 6 weeks, the return visit by smear, ultrasonic examination, if the doctor’s diagnosis is still within the normal range, this situation can recover automatically.
In addition, excessive supplement during puerperium can also lead to excessive bleeding, among which drinking “biochemical soup” is one of the reasons. General hospital will open uterine contractile agent, so do not drink biochemical soup, if you want to drink also need to be appropriate, otherwise it will prolong the time of postpartum hemorrhage. Caesarean section because the doctor cleared very thoroughly, so need to take more.
Ways to clean up lochia
When cleaning lochia, remember to wash hands thoroughly first, wipe the whole vulva with disinfectant cotton from the urethra to the anus door: first wipe the middle, then the left and right, and discard the used disinfectant cotton to avoid infection with puerperal fever or cystitis. When cleaning up lochia, people with perineum suture should be careful and gentle enough to avoid hurting the wound. Lochia of caesarean section is easier to clean, and it is not more troublesome than normal physiological period.
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